Anal Glands in Dogs and Cats: What They Are and Why They Can Cause Problems
If you’ve ever seen your dog scoot across the floor or noticed your cat licking their rear excessively, it might be due to an issue with their anal glands. Though often overlooked, these small glands can cause significant discomfort if they aren’t functioning properly.
What Are Anal Glands?
Anal glands (also called anal sacs) are two small scent glands located on either side of the anus in dogs and cats. These glands naturally release a strong-smelling fluid when your pet defecates, which helps with communication and territory marking.
Normally, the glands empty on their own during bowel movements. But when they don’t, the fluid builds up and can cause irritation, infection, or blockage.
Signs Your Pet May Have Anal Gland Problems
Common signs include:
- Scooting or dragging their bottom on the floor
- Licking or biting at the rear end excessively
- Swelling, redness, or discomfort near the anus
- Foul odor coming from the rear
- Signs of pain when sitting or going to the bathroom
If you notice any of these symptoms, it’s important to have your pet evaluated by a veterinarian.
When Is Anal Gland Expression Needed?
Some pets—especially small dog breeds like Chihuahuas, Dachshunds, Poodles, and Cocker Spaniels—may require their anal glands to be manually expressed regularly. This is a simple procedure done by your vet or groomer that helps relieve discomfort and prevent infection.
If the glands are infected or impacted, your pet may need antibiotics or other treatments.
How to Help Prevent Anal Gland Issues
You can help prevent problems by:
- Adding fiber to your pet’s diet to promote firmer stools
- Maintaining a healthy weight for your pet
- Scheduling regular veterinary checkups to catch issues early
Other factors like allergies or back pain can also affect anal gland health, so it’s important to work closely with your vet.
What About Cats?
Though less common, cats can also experience anal gland problems, especially if overweight. Similar symptoms and treatments apply, and dietary changes may help improve gland function. In some cases, surgery may be recommended.
When Surgery Is an Option
For pets with chronic or severe anal gland issues, surgical removal of the glands may be considered as a last resort. This can provide relief from ongoing discomfort but is only recommended after other treatments have failed.
Final Thoughts
Anal gland problems can be uncomfortable but are very treatable. If your pet shows signs of discomfort or scooting, don’t hesitate to reach out to your veterinarian. Early care can make a big difference in your pet’s comfort and health.
Dr. Logan Hille, DVM
Dr. Logan Hille was born in 1991 in Southern California and moved to Arizona in 1995. He graduated from the University of Arizona in 2013 with a degree in veterinary sciences and attended Colorado State University for veterinary school. After graduating in 2018, Dr. Hille moved to Dallas, Texas where he lived for 8 months. Knowing Texas was not the place for him, Dr. Hille moved back to Arizona in 2019 to be closer to his friends and family. He has two dogs, Rory and Lincoln, who he loves dearly. In his off time, Dr. Hille likes golfing, relaxing with friends, and playing video games.
Dr. Hille has a special interest in Oncology and advanced Valley Fever.
